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<div id="dev-warning" class="admonition note">
  <p class="first admonition-title">Notice</p>
  <p class="last">This document is for a development version of Ceph.</p>
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  <section id="bucket-logging">
<h1><a class="toc-backref" href="#id3" role="doc-backlink">Bucket Logging</a><a class="headerlink" href="#bucket-logging" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h1>
<div class="versionadded">
<p><span class="versionmodified added">New in version T.</span></p>
</div>
<nav class="contents" id="contents">
<p class="topic-title">Contents</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#bucket-logging" id="id3">Bucket Logging</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#logging-reliability" id="id4">Logging Reliability</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#standard" id="id5">Standard</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#journal" id="id6">Journal</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#bucket-logging-rest-api" id="id7">Bucket Logging REST API</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#log-objects-key-format" id="id8">Log Objects Key Format</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#simple" id="id9">Simple</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#partitioned" id="id10">Partitioned</a></p>
<ul>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#log-records" id="id11">Log Records</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#id1" id="id12">Journal</a></p></li>
<li><p><a class="reference internal" href="#id2" id="id13">Standard</a></p></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</nav>
<p>Bucket logging provides a mechanism for logging all access to a bucket. The
log data can be used to monitor bucket activity, detect unauthorized
access, get insights into the bucket usage and use the logs as a journal for bucket changes.
The log records are stored in objects in a separate bucket and can be analyzed later.
Logging configuration is done at the bucket level and can be enabled or disabled at any time.
The log bucket can accumulate logs from multiple buckets. It is recommended to configured
a different “prefix” for each bucket, so that the logs of different buckets will be stored
in different objects in the log bucket.</p>
<div class="toctree-wrapper compound">
</div>
<section id="logging-reliability">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id4" role="doc-backlink">Logging Reliability</a><a class="headerlink" href="#logging-reliability" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>For performance reasons, even though the log records are written to persistent storage, the log object will
appear in the log bucket only after some configurable amount of time (or if the maximum object size of 128MB is reached).
This time (in seconds) could be set per source bucket via a Ceph extension to the REST API,
or globally via the <cite>rgw_bucket_logging_obj_roll_time</cite> configuration option. If not set, the default time is 5 minutes.
Adding a log object to the log bucket is done “lazily”, meaning, that if no more records are written to the object, it may
remain outside of the log bucket even after the configured time has passed.</p>
<section id="standard">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id5" role="doc-backlink">Standard</a><a class="headerlink" href="#standard" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>If logging type is set to “Standard” (the default) the log records are written to the log bucket after the bucket operation is completed.
This means that there are the logging operation may fail, with no indication to he client.</p>
</section>
<section id="journal">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id6" role="doc-backlink">Journal</a><a class="headerlink" href="#journal" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>If logging type is set to “Journal”, the records are written to the log bucket before the bucket operation is completed.
This means that if the logging action fails, the operation will not be executed, and an error will be returned to the client.
An exception to the above are “multi/delete” log records: if writing these log records fail, the operation continues and may still be successful.
Note that it may happen that the log records were successfully written, but the bucket operation failed, since the logs are written
before such a failure, there will be no indication for that in the log records.</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="bucket-logging-rest-api">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id7" role="doc-backlink">Bucket Logging REST API</a><a class="headerlink" href="#bucket-logging-rest-api" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<p>Detailed under: <a class="reference external" href="../s3/bucketops">Bucket Operations</a>.</p>
</section>
<section id="log-objects-key-format">
<h2><a class="toc-backref" href="#id8" role="doc-backlink">Log Objects Key Format</a><a class="headerlink" href="#log-objects-key-format" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h2>
<section id="simple">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id9" role="doc-backlink">Simple</a><a class="headerlink" href="#simple" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>has the following format:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">prefix</span><span class="o">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="n">year</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">month</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">day</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">hour</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">minute</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">second</span><span class="o">&gt;-&lt;</span><span class="mi">16</span> <span class="nb">bytes</span> <span class="n">unique</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">fish</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2024</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">08</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">40</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">TI9ROKN05DD4HPQF</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="partitioned">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id10" role="doc-backlink">Partitioned</a><a class="headerlink" href="#partitioned" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>has the following format:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="o">&lt;</span><span class="n">prefix</span><span class="o">&gt;&lt;</span><span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="n">owner</span><span class="o">&gt;/&lt;</span><span class="n">source</span> <span class="n">region</span><span class="o">&gt;/&lt;</span><span class="n">bucket</span> <span class="n">name</span><span class="o">&gt;/&lt;</span><span class="n">year</span><span class="o">&gt;/&lt;</span><span class="n">month</span><span class="o">&gt;/&lt;</span><span class="n">day</span><span class="o">&gt;/&lt;</span><span class="n">year</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">month</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">day</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">hour</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">minute</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">second</span><span class="o">&gt;-&lt;</span><span class="mi">16</span> <span class="nb">bytes</span> <span class="n">unique</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="nb">id</span><span class="o">&gt;</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<p>For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">fish</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">testid</span><span class="o">//</span><span class="nb">all</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">log</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2024</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">08</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2024</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">08</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">10</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">11</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">18</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="n">HMU3UMWOJKNQJ0X</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
<section id="log-records">
<h4><a class="toc-backref" href="#id11" role="doc-backlink">Log Records</a><a class="headerlink" href="#log-records" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h4>
<p>The log records are space separated string columns and have the following possible formats:</p>
</section>
</section>
<section id="id1">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id12" role="doc-backlink">Journal</a><a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>minimum amount of data used for journaling bucket changes (this is a Ceph extension).</p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li><p>bucket owner (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>bucket name (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>time in the following format: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">[day/month/year:hour:minute:second</span> <span class="pre">timezone]</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>object key (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>operation in the following format: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WEBSITE/REST.&lt;HTTP</span> <span class="pre">method&gt;.&lt;resource&gt;</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>object size (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>version id (dash if empty or question mark if unknown)</p></li>
<li><p>eTag</p></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<p>For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">testid</span> <span class="n">fish</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Aug</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2024</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">09</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">0000</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="n">myfile</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">REST</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">OBJECT</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="n">cfdfc1f58e762d3e116787cb92fac60</span>
<span class="n">testid</span> <span class="n">fish</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Aug</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2024</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">40</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">28</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">0000</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="n">myfile</span> <span class="n">REST</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">OBJECT</span> <span class="mi">4</span><span class="n">cfdfc1f58e762d3e116787cb92fac60</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
<section id="id2">
<h3><a class="toc-backref" href="#id13" role="doc-backlink">Standard</a><a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="Permalink to this heading"></a></h3>
<p>based on <a class="reference external" href="https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/userguide/LogFormat.html">AWS Logging Record Format</a>.</p>
<blockquote>
<div><ul class="simple">
<li><p>bucket owner (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>bucket name (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>time</p></li>
<li><p>remote IP (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>user or account (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>request ID</p></li>
<li><p>operation in the following format: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">WEBSITE/REST.&lt;HTTP</span> <span class="pre">method&gt;.&lt;resource&gt;</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>object key (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>request URI in the following format: <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">&quot;&lt;HTTP</span> <span class="pre">method&gt;</span> <span class="pre">&lt;URI&gt;</span> <span class="pre">&lt;HTTP</span> <span class="pre">version&gt;&quot;</span></code></p></li>
<li><p>HTTP status (or dash if zero). Note that in most cases log is written before the status is known</p></li>
<li><p>error code (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>bytes sent (or dash if zero)</p></li>
<li><p>object size (or dash if zero)</p></li>
<li><p>total time (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>turnaround time (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>referrer (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>user agent (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>version id (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>host id taken from “x-amz-id-2” (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>signature version (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>cipher suite (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>authentication type (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>host header (or dash if empty)</p></li>
<li><p>TLS version (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>access point ARN (not supported, always a dash)</p></li>
<li><p>ACL flag (“Yes” if the request is an ACL operation, otherwise dash)</p></li>
</ul>
</div></blockquote>
<p>For example:</p>
<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><div class="highlight"><pre><span></span><span class="n">testid</span> <span class="n">fish</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Aug</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2024</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">25</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">0000</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">testid</span> <span class="mf">9e369</span><span class="n">a15</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="n">f43</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="n">f07</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">b638</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">de920b22f91b</span><span class="mf">.4179.15085270386962380710</span> <span class="n">REST</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">PUT</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">OBJECT</span> <span class="n">myfile</span> <span class="s2">&quot;PUT /fish/myfile HTTP/1.1&quot;</span> <span class="mi">200</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">512</span> <span class="mi">512</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">localhost</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span>
<span class="n">testid</span> <span class="n">fish</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Aug</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2024</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">51</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">0000</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">testid</span> <span class="mf">9e369</span><span class="n">a15</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="n">f43</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="n">f07</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">b638</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">de920b22f91b</span><span class="mf">.4179.7046073853138417766</span> <span class="n">REST</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">GET</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">OBJECT</span> <span class="n">myfile</span> <span class="s2">&quot;GET /fish/myfile HTTP/1.1&quot;</span> <span class="mi">200</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">512</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">localhost</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span>
<span class="n">testid</span> <span class="n">fish</span> <span class="p">[</span><span class="mi">06</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="n">Aug</span><span class="o">/</span><span class="mi">2024</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">09</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">30</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="mi">56</span> <span class="o">+</span><span class="mi">0000</span><span class="p">]</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">testid</span> <span class="mf">9e369</span><span class="n">a15</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">5</span><span class="n">f43</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="mi">4</span><span class="n">f07</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">b638</span><span class="o">-</span><span class="n">de920b22f91b</span><span class="mf">.4179.10723158448701085570</span> <span class="n">REST</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">DELETE</span><span class="o">.</span><span class="n">OBJECT</span> <span class="n">myfile</span> <span class="s2">&quot;DELETE /fish/myfile1 HTTP/1.1&quot;</span> <span class="mi">200</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="mi">512</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="n">localhost</span> <span class="o">-</span> <span class="o">-</span>
</pre></div>
</div>
</section>
</section>
</section>



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